Study of Physical and Chemical Properties of Groundwater in the Ghanima Region

Abstract

This study was conducted to identify the physical and chemical characteristics of the groundwater in the Ghanima region. Samples were taken from 11 wells whose water is used for crop irrigation, livestock watering, car washing, cleaning, and other purposes in the area. Some measurements were taken on-site, including pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), anions (Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻), cations (K⁺, Na⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺), and Total Hardness (TH), in addition to measuring heavy metals in the groundwater in the study area. The analysis results indicated that this water is not suitable for drinking purposes according to Libyan standards. Furthermore, the water from the study wells was found to be free of harmful heavy metals.