The Objections of Ubayd Rabba through His Poem on the Ājurrūmiyya Text

A Descriptive and Analytical Study

Abstract

This research examines the objections of Muhammad ibn Ubbah—known as Ubayd Rabba—to Imam Ibn Ajrumiyyah, one of the most important grammatical texts interpreted, explained, and composed by scholars. Ubayd Rabbah composed the text in 154 verses, including a number of grammatical objections aimed at correcting certain phrases or clarifying certain concepts according to a critical scientific approach. The research adopted a descriptive and analytical approach, presenting the grammatical issue as it appears in Ajrumiyyah. The author's objection was then transmitted and discussed in light of the opinions of grammarians, highlighting the correctness and areas of excellence and shortcomings. The importance of the research lies in its shedding light on Ubayd Rabba's scholarly character, his contribution to enriching grammatical studies through his criticism, and the impact of this criticism on expanding understanding and developing approaches to texts. Objections focused on issues such as expressing the definite article with "al" instead of "al," the requirements for definiteness in terms of including rulings within the limits, and objections related to the state, the substitute, the exception, and others. One of the most prominent things directed at Ibn Ajrum was his inclusion of grammatical rulings—such as the nominative and accusative—within the limits, violating the logical rule that requires separating definiteness from rulings. Key findings of the research: Ubaid Rabba followed a conscious critical approach, without bias or arbitrariness. Many of his objections are based on precise scientific principles, some of which are supported by the majority of grammarians. His work is an educational addition for students of grammar, combining knowledge, ease, and clarity. This research emphasizes the importance of scientific criticism in linguistics and calls for its revival in dealing with heritage texts to achieve greater understanding and development.