Theoretical Principles in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics

Abstract

This abstract highlights the theoretical foundations of ethics in Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, focusing on the ultimate end of human life, namely happiness, which is attained through the practice of virtues in accordance with moderation and the golden mean. Virtues appear in both moral and intellectual forms: the moral virtues regulate desires, while the intellectual virtues guide reason toward wisdom and the sound management of actions, ensuring that human behavior aligns with the rational nature of man. Practical reason and tree choice are considered essential elements in defining the moral quality of actions and the responsibility they entail, enabling the individual to distinguish between right and wrong and to organize his life according to the standards of virtue and happiness. These principles form a coherent system in which the end, virtue, moderation, reason, and freedom interact in a unified structure that determines action. They reflect Aristotle’s vision of human nature as that a rational being responsible for his actions, capable of self-development and of achieving balance between desires and duties. This philosophical framework allows for the construction of a virtuous and balanced life that secures harmony between the individual and society, while linking ethical theory with practical application in various aspects of life. Thus, Aristotelian ethics emerge as a solid model for moral and intellectual guidance across the diverse domains of human existence