The Influence of Abu Sa'id Al-Hasan Al-Basri (d. 110 AH) on Al-Tadleel and Al-Takmeel in the Explanation on Al-Tashil book by Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi (d. 745 AH):

A Linguistic and Analytical Study – Selected Models

Abstract

This study examines the application of the principle "If evidence is subject to probability, its validity as proof is nullified" by Abu Hayyan Al-Andalusi (d. 745 AH), a grammatical fundamental rule  The study sheds light on how Abu Hayyan employed this principle in refuting certain grammatical arguments and citations. This principle is among the most frequently utilized by Abu Hayyan in his critiques, not only in the work under study but also in other writings, to challenge views he deemed unacceptable. His application of this principle was not limited to refuting Ibn Malik alone; rather, he extended it to other grammarians, some of whom he named, while he omitted others. The study adopts an analytical methodology, thoroughly examining selected grammatical issues from multiple perspectives. It specifically investigates five issues that illustrate Abu Hayyan’s methodological approach, highlighting the evidence he used in his objections against grammarians, whether based on textual evidence, analogy, or other sources.