Signs of the Human Hunting on Animals of Lower and Middle Paleolithic Stone Ages in Europe

Abstract

The research highlights the material evidence that European human societies during the Lower and Middle Paleolithic eras were hunters, through the discovery of signs of human hunting on the skeletal remains of animals from that period. The scientific orientation of the research focuses on identifying the most important animals that showed signs of human hunting, as well as the shape, sizes and location of those signs on the animals' bones. In addition, identifying the type of hunting tools that caused them. The descriptive and applied scientific approach used to achieve the scientific research objectives. The results, through examining animal bones, resulted in identifying the shapes and sizes of human hunting marks on the bones of animals from the Lower and Middle Paleolithic eras in Europe. Moreover, to identify the hunting tools and prey species on which these marks appeared, as well as to determine the level of skill of European societies in hunting operations during that period, and the effectiveness of their hunting tools through some practical experiments in this field.