Structural & Psychological Empowerment: A Literature Review, theory clarifications and strategy building

Abstract

This research explored the concept of empowerment. It aimed to discuss theoretical clarifications and review its explanatory frameworks. It aimed also at highlighting ways of building strategy of structural and psychological empowerment. Therefore, a descriptive analytical approach was used in order to help with understanding contemporary dimensions and discussions of empowerment in the literature of management and organizations. However, the research underlined important issues including; empowerment is recently interpreted as organizational strategy more than an organizational concept. Furthermore, in order to have effective outcomes of this strategy, organizations should provide organizational support and constructive attitudes to support empowerment at workplace. Finally, there is a collection of challenges facing implementing empowerment at the Middle Eastern context; most notably is culture of employees, managers and decision-making process.