The Effect Of Agency Relations On The Independence Of External Auditor: An Empirical Study From Libya

Ezaddin Abdualadim  Bakir; Abulgasem M.  Abusatala

المؤلفون

Ezaddin Abdualadim Bakir Assistant lecturer in the faculty of Economics & Commerce
Abulgasem M. Abusatala Assistant lecturer in the faculty of Economics & Commerce

الكلمات المفتاحية:

Auditor’s Independence، Strengths Sources of Client، Sources Power of Auditor، Conflict between Auditor and Client

الملخص

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى : تقديم الأدلة التجريبية حول العلاقـة بـين مصادر قوة العميل وأثرها على استقلالية المراجع الخارجي . تقـديم الأدلـة التجريبية حول مصادر قوة المراجع و استقلالية المراجع الخارجي . تقـديم الأدلة التجريبية حول علاقة الصراع بين المراجع والعميل علـى استقلالية المراجع في ظل نظرية الوكالة في البيئة الليبية . ولتحقيق هـذا الهـدف قـام الباحثان بتصميم استبانة تم توزيعها على عينة الدراسة ، حيث يتكون مجتمع الدراسة من مراجعي الحسابات في ليبيا، ونظراً لتشابه مجتمـع الدراسـة وتجانسه قد اختيرت عينة عشوائية بلغ عددها 75 مراجعاً، وقد كان عـدد المستجيبين من العينة 60 مراجعا من مراجعي الحسابات . وكانت متغيرات الدراسة : استقلال المراجع كمتغير تـابع، ثلاثـة متغيرات مستقلة هي : مصادر قوة العميل ×1 ، مصادر قوة المراجع ×2 ، والصراع بين المراجع والعميل ×3 .وقد تم استخدام التحليل الوصفي فـي حل مشكلة البحث، وقد أظهرت الدراسة النتائج الآتية :
أن ضغوطات عميـل المؤسسة تؤثر سلباً على استقلال المراجع الخارجي، وأن مـصادر قـوة المراجع تؤثر بشكل إيجابي على استقلال المراجع، كمـا أن الـ صراع بـين المراجع والعميل يؤثر سلباً على استقلال المراجع.

المراجع

- Almer, E., Higgs, J. & Hooks, K. 2005. “A theoretical framework of the relationship between public accounting firms and their auditors. “ Behavioral Research in Accounting. Issue 17, pp. 1-22.

- Al-Raheedy. 2012 The Extent Of Independence Availability For The External Accounting Auditors In The State Of Kuwait Comparative Study.

- Ashkanasy, Neal M & Windsor, Carolyn A. &. 1995. “The Effect of Client Management Bargaining Power, Moral Reasoning Development, and Belief in a Just World on Auditor Independence.” Accounting, Organizations and Society. Vol. 20, No. 7/s, pp. 701-720.

- Baiman, S. 1982. “Agency research in Managerial Accounting; A Servey.” Journal of Accounting Literature. p.161.

- Eugene Fama. 1980. “Agency problems and the theory of the firm” Journal of political Economy. April. pp. 291 -292.

- Fox R.B. 1984. “Agency theory a new perspective” Management Accounting Journal. February. pp. 36.

- Goldman, A & Barlev, B. 1975. ”Auditor firm Conflict of Interests: its implications for independence.” The Accounting Review. October, pp. 707.

- Goldman, A & Barlev, B. 1975. “The auditor - firm conflict of interests: its implications for independence: A reply” The Accounting Review. October. pp. 848-853.

- Gonick and Smith. 2000. New York: Harper Perennial. The Cartoon Guide to Statistics. pp. 140-142.

- Goodwing .J. 2002. “Auditors Conflict Management Style: An Exploratory Study.” ABACUS. Vol.38, No.3.

- Gul. A. 1991. “Size of Audit Fees and Perceptions of Auditors' Ability to Resist Management Pressure in Audit Conflict Situations.” ABACUS. Vol. 27. No. 2.

- Hair, Jr, Joset F; Anderson, Rolph E;Tatham,Ronald L; Black ,William C.1998 Multivariate Data Analysis. Prentice _Hall international Inc.

- Jarboa 2004 The Factors Affecting The External Auditor's Independence And Neutrality In Gaza Zone, Palestine State”

- Jensen, B and W.H. Meckling. 1976. “Theory of the firm managerial behavior. Agency costs and ownership structur. “Journal of financial economics, p.307.

- John.H.Hand and others. 1982. Agency relationship in the close corporation financial management, spring P. 25.

- John K. Galbraith. 1973. “Power and useful Economist”. American Economic Review, vol 63, No. 7, March, P2.

- Judy S. L. Tsui and Ferdinand A. Gul. 1996. “Auditors’ Behavior in an Audit Conflict Situation: A Research Note on the Role of Locus of Control and Ethical Reasoning.” Accounting, Organizations and Society, Vol. 21, No. 1. Pp. 41-51.

- Ken Y. C h e n, Randal J. Elder & Jo-Lan. 2005. “Auditor Independence, Audit Quality and Auditor-Client Negotiation Outcomes: Some Evidence from Taiwan.” National Cheng Kung University Syracuse University coverseas Chinese Institute of Technology Received September 2004; Accepted April 2005.

- KAdem 2007. Analysis the factors affecting the independence of the auditor

- Kenny Z. Lin and Ian A.M. Fraser .Auditors. 2008. “Ability to Resist Client Pressure and Culture: Perceptions in China and the United Kingdom.” Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting. Issue 19 Vol. 2.

- Kim Ittonen. 2010. “A Theoretical Examination of the Role of Auditing and the Relevance of Audit Reports. Business Administration 28 Accounting And Finance Vaasa.

- Kiridaran Kanagaretnam, Gopal V. Krishnan & Gerald J. Lobo. 2010. ”An Empirical Analysis of Auditor Independence in the Banking Industry.” The Accounting Review Vol. 85, No. 6. 2010 pp. 2011–2046.

- Knapp. Michael C. 1985. “Audit Conflict: An Empirical Study of the perceived Ability of Auditors to Resist Management Pressure”. The Accounting review, Vol.LX, No.2 April.

- Mansor 2013. The Impact of External Auditor Rotation on Independence Principle.

- Nissan Arana and Moshe sorrel. 1975. “The Auditor - Firm Conflict of interests: A Comment”. The Accounting Review. October, pp 854- 856.

- Ole-Kristian Hope and John Christian Langli. 2010. “Auditor Independence in a Private Firm and Low Litigation Risk Setting”. The Accounting Review Vol. 85, No. 2. pp. 573–605.

- Richard M. steers.1982. “Introduction to Organizational Behavior” University of Oregon ch. 2.No. P.17.

- Shen Hong-bo, Wang Yue. 2006. “Conflict of Interests, Alien Factor and Auditor Switches —Empirical Evidences from Chinese Capital Markets”. Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing, ISSN1548-6583, USA. Octber., Vol.2, No.10 (Serial No.17).

- Stephen A.Ross. 1973. “The Economic Theory Agency: The principal’s problem”. American economic review. May – p.134.

- Stephen .E. Loeb. “The Auditor Firm Conflict of Interests its Implications for Independence: A comment "The Accounting Review .Oct... 1975. pp 844- 846.

- Wool James card. 1981. “Agency Costs and the Supply and Demand of Auditing.” PhD of Ohio University, pp 22-24.

- Zikmund, W.G. 2000, Business Research Methods, 6th ed., Publisher, Fort Worth, Texas. Harcourt College.