آثار الزيوت العطرية النباتية المستخدمة كمكملات غذائية في تربية الأحياء المائية على الاستجابة المناعية، وحالة مضادات الأكسدة للأسماك الزعنفية: مراجعة
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59743/jmset.v9i1.75الكلمات المفتاحية:
الزيوت النباتية العطرية، التحفيز المناعي، مضادات الأكسدة، تربية الأحياء المائية، الأسماك، المضافات العلفيةالملخص
لتلبية احتياجات سكان العالم من البروتين، يزداد إنتاج تربية الأحياء المائية يوميًا. من ناحية أخرى، فإن الحيوانات المائية معرضة لمجموعة متنوعة من ضغوط الزراعة التي تؤدي إلى ضعف الأداء التنموي، وانخفاض الإنتاج، وفي نهاية المطاف، ارتفاع معدلات الوفيات. لا تزال المضادات الحيوية والعلاجات الكيميائية تستخدم على نطاق واسع في بعض المناطق لإدارة الضغوط الحيوية. بصرف النظر عن المزايا الواضحة، فإن الاستخدام المستمر للمضادات الحيوية يعزز المقاومة البكتيرية، ويقوض التجمعات البكتيرية، ويراكم هذه المواد الكيميائية في البيئة المائية. لتجنب الآثار المباشرة وغير المباشرة على البيئة المائية وصحة الإنسان، تم استخدام مواد صديقة للبيئة بدلاً من ذلك. من بين هذه المضافات العلفية، تحظى الزيوت العطرية النباتية بالاهتمام. نظرًا لأن الزيوت الأساسية تحتوي على العديد من المكونات النشطة بيولوجيًا مع خصائص قوية مضادة للجراثيم ومضادات الأكسدة ومنبهات المناعة، في الحيوانات المائية. في هذه المقالة، قمنا بفحص الأبحاث الحديثة حول استخدام الزيوت الأساسية النباتية كمضافات علفية لعدة أنواع من أنواع الأسماك التجارية في الغالب. وفقًا للأبحاث المتاحة، استنتجنا أنه يمكن استخدام الزيوت العطرية النباتية في تربية الأحياء المائية. أظهرت النتائج أن الزيوت العطرية العشبية هي بدائل مثيرة للاهتمام للمضادات الحيوية، مع تأثيرات كبيرة على مضادات الأكسدة والاستجابات المناعية. نعتقد أن الزيوت العطرية النباتية يمكن أن يكون لها تأثيرات تآزريه، ويجب أن تستكشف الأبحاث المستقبلية هذه الفكرة.
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